Minimising Construction Rework: The Influence of BIM Maturity Levels in Malaysian Projects

<p dir="ltr">Rework remains a persistent challenge in construction, accounting for up to 52% of cost growth and significant schedule delays. While BIM implementation has been studied broadly, the specific relationship between BIM maturity levels and rework frequency requires further investigation. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining survey data (n=71) from industry professionals and a case study of a high-rise residential project with 35 documented non-conformances in the Malaysian construction context. Statistical analysis (ANOVA, p<0.05) reveals that design-related rework causes demonstrate statistically significant reductions as BIM maturity increases from Level 0 to Level 3. Our findings reveal 55% of respondents now implement BIM maturity Level 2, indicating accelerated adoption compared to earlier studies. The case study demonstrates how BIM Level 2 implementation reduced design coordination issues, while contractor-related execution issues (28 of 38 rework instances) remain prevalent. This study establishes that Level 2 BIM maturity represents an optimal starting point for addressing design-stage coordination issues, while comprehensive rework reduction requires supplementary strategies addressing client-initiated changes and contractor execution quality. These findings provide evidence-based guidance for Malaysian construction stakeholders to strategically invest in appropriate BIM maturity levels.</p>