Systematic Analysis of Capability Maturity Models for Enhancing Circular Economy Adoption in the Construction Supply Chain

The global climate crisis requires bold steps to decrease greenhouse gas emissions by 50% by 2050, to keep global warming below 2°C, and to reduce it to 1.5°C by increasing international cooperation. Therefore, the current business models should transform their organizational capabilities to tackle the negative impacts of everyday activities. The construction industry, known for its significant environmental impact and as an essential contributor to resource depletion and waste generation, is increasingly pressured to transition towards sustainable practices. This pressure promoted the exploration of new methods that facilitate the integration of circular economy (CE) practices within industrial activities. Accordingly, individuals, organizations, and governments seek solutions to set the objectives for a successful transition. Capability maturity models (CMM) are used to develop comprehensive decisions for a successful transition. Thus, individuals, organizations, and governments can define, manage, control, and monitor the organizational capabilities and objectives for an achieved transition. However, there is a need to explore CMM, which facilitates the integration of CE practices within the construction supply chain. Therefore, this paper conducts a systematic literature review to examine existing CMM critically and compares the strengths and limitations of the results. The research results are twelve journal articles that do not consider the construction industry. The CMM focuses on CE from resource, waste, culture, stakeholder, and value and supply chain perspectives. Thus, the study highlights the emergence of hybrid models that combine CMM and CE to address construction supply chain challenges. In conclusion, it proposes a process-based view to define new avenues for stakeholder engagement, innovation diffusion, resource optimization, organizational culture, regulatory frameworks, and market dynamics for CE-CMM. This paper contributes to the ongoing discourse on circular organizations in construction by synthesizing these findings, and it guides individuals, organizations, and governments to navigate the complexities of implementing CE in construction supply chains.