From Victims to Peacebuilders: Transforming the Role of Religious and Ethnic Minority Groups in Iraq

Amidst the instability of Iraq's disputed areas, this ground-breaking research marks the first systematic investigation into the incorporation of religious and ethnic minority (REM) groups in peacebuilding efforts. While prevailing peacebuilding theories offer valuable insights, they often overlook the complex dynamics of inclusion—a pivotal facet of effective peacebuilding. The primary aim of this study is to understand the contribution of REM groups to peacebuilding efforts in Iraq's disputed areas. This research delves into the contributions of REM groups to peacebuilding processes, revealing obstacles that hinder their meaningful involvement. Qualitative interviews with experienced individuals within and outside the disputed areas, hailing from diverse religious and ethnic backgrounds, provided valuable insights into the multifaceted challenges and perspectives in the community, enriching the research findings. The findings underline first, the critical interplay between security considerations, effective peacebuilding strategies, and the participation of REM groups. This research challenges prevailing peacebuilding theories by emphasizing security's centrality and advocating for a comprehensive approach. Second, it presents a novel perspective on the peacebuilding landscape in disputed areas, enhancing stakeholder understanding. Third, it highlights the transformative contribution of including REM groups in peacebuilding, reshaping the narrative, and emphasizing the importance of inclusivity. Within the complex peacebuilding landscape of Iraq's disputed areas, this research highlights limitations within ongoing initiatives and advocates for a nuanced, context-sensitive approach that navigates local, national, and regional dynamics. The ultimate objective is to formulate a comprehensive framework that champions inclusivity and necessitates international cooperation to establish enduring peace. In summary, this research adeptly navigates the complexities of peacebuilding in Iraq's disputed areas. By amplifying the proactive role of REM groups and strongly advocating for their inclusion, the study significantly contributes to shaping effective and sustainable peacebuilding strategies. The paramount significance of inclusivity and the imperative of addressing security concerns converge as foundational pillars for achieving lasting peace within these challenging environments.